Empilweni, abantu bazoqhuma nakanjani futhi bophe ngezikhathi ezithile.Ezimweni ezivamile, uma ezinye izilonda zingelashwa, igazi liyojiya kancane kancane, liyeke ukopha ngokwalo, futhi ekugcineni lishiye uqweqwe lwegazi.Kungani lokhu?Yiziphi izinto ezidlale indima ebalulekile kule nqubo?Okulandelayo, ake sihlole ulwazi lokuhlangana kwegazi ndawonye!

Njengoba sonke sazi, igazi lihlala lizungeza emzimbeni womuntu ngaphansi kokucindezela kwenhliziyo ukuthutha umoya-mpilo, amaprotheni, amanzi, ama-electrolyte nama-carbohydrate adingwa umzimba.Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, igazi ligeleza emithanjeni yegazi.Lapho imithambo yegazi ilimele, umzimba uzoyeka ukopha nokujiyisa ngochungechunge lokusabela.I-coagulation evamile kanye ne-hemostasis yomzimba womuntu incike kakhulu ekwakhekeni nasekusebenzeni kodonga lwemithambo yegazi olungaguquki, umsebenzi ojwayelekile wama-coagulation factor, kanye nekhwalithi nenani lama-platelet asebenzayo.

Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, ama-platelet ahlelwa eduze kwezindonga zangaphakathi zama-capillaries ukuze kugcinwe ubuqotho bezindonga zemithambo yegazi.Lapho imithambo yegazi yonakele, ukufinyela kwenzeka kuqala, okwenza izindonga zemithambo yegazi engxenyeni eyonakele isondele komunye nomunye, inciphise isilonda futhi ibambezele ukugeleza kwegazi.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-platelet anamathela, ahlanganise futhi akhulule okuqukethwe engxenyeni eyonakele, enze i-platelet thrombus yendawo, ivimbele isilonda.I-hemostasis yemithambo yegazi nama-platelet ibizwa ngokuthi i-hemostasis yokuqala, futhi inqubo yokwenza ihlule le-fibrin endaweni elimele ngemva kokwenziwa kusebenze kwesistimu yokuhlangana ukuze ivimbe isilonda ibizwa ngokuthi umshini wesibili we-hemostatic.

Ngokuqondile, ukuhlangana kwegazi kubhekisela enqubweni lapho igazi lishintsha lisuka esimweni eligelezayo liye esimweni sejeli elingagezi.I-coagulation isho ukuthi uchungechunge lwezici zokuhlangana zenziwa lusebenze ngokulandelana nge-enzymolysis, futhi ekugcineni i-thrombin yakheka ukuze yakhe ihlule le-fibrin.Inqubo ye-coagulation ivamise ukuhlanganisa izindlela ezintathu, indlela ye-endogenous coagulation, indlela ye-exogenous coagulation kanye nendlela yokuhlanganisa evamile.

1) Umzila we-endogenous coagulation uqalwa yi-coagulation factor XII ngokusabela kokuxhumana.Ngokusebenzisa nokusabela kwezinto ezihlukahlukene zokuhlangana, i-prothrombin ekugcineni iguqulwa ibe i-thrombin.I-Thrombin iguqula i-fibrinogen ibe yi-fibrin ukuze kuzuzwe injongo yokuhlangana kwegazi.

I-2) Umzila we-exogenous coagulation ubhekisela ekukhishweni kwesici sayo sethishu, esidinga isikhathi esifushane sokuhlangana nokusabela ngokushesha.

Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi indlela yokuhlangana kwe-endogenous kanye nendlela ye-exogenous coagulation ingenziwa isebenze ngokulinganayo futhi isebenze ngokufanayo.

3) Indlela evamile yokuhlanganisa ibhekisela esigabeni esivamile sokuhlangana sohlelo lwe-endogenous coagulation kanye ne-exogenous coagulation system, ehlanganisa ikakhulukazi izigaba ezimbili zokukhiqiza i-thrombin kanye nokwakheka kwe-fibrin.

Okubizwa ngokuthi i-hemostasis kanye nokulimala kwemithambo yegazi, okwenza kusebenze indlela ye-coagulation yangaphandle.Umsebenzi wokuphila wendlela ye-endogenous coagulation okwamanje awucacile kahle.Kodwa-ke, kuqinisekile ukuthi indlela ye-endogenous blood coagulation ingenziwa isebenze lapho umzimba womuntu uhlangana nezinto zokwenziwa, okusho ukuthi izinto zebhayoloji zingabangela ukuhlangana kwegazi emzimbeni womuntu, futhi lesi simo sesibe yisithiyo esikhulu ukufakwa kwemishini yezokwelapha emzimbeni womuntu.

Okungavamile noma izithiyo kunoma iyiphi i-coagulation factor noma isixhumanisi senqubo ye-coagulation kuzodala okungavamile noma ukungasebenzi kuyo yonke inqubo ye-coagulation.Kungabonakala ukuthi ukuhlangana kwegazi kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi futhi ebucayi emzimbeni womuntu, edlala indima ebalulekile ekulondolozeni ukuphila kwethu.