01. Ukuqhelana okokuqala no-D-dimer, i-FDP

1. I-FDP ligama eliqhelekileyo kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo zokuthotywa kwe-fibrin kunye ne-fibrinogen phantsi kwesenzo se-plasmin, eyona nto ibonisa inqanaba elipheleleyo le-fibrinolytic yomzimba;

2. I-D-dimer yimveliso ethile yokuthotywa kwe-fibrin edibeneyo phantsi kwesenzo se-plasmin, kwaye ukwanda kwenqanaba layo kubonisa ubukho be-hyperfibrinolysis yesibini;

02. Ukusetyenziswa kweklinikhi ye-D-dimer kunye ne-FDP

Kungabandakanyi i-venous thrombosis (i-VTE ibandakanya i-DVT, i-PE)

Ukuchaneka kwe-D-dimer engalunganga yokukhutshwa kwe-deep vein thrombosis (DVT) inokufikelela kwi-98% -100%

Ukufunyanwa kwe-D-dimer kungasetyenziselwa ukulawula i-thrombosis ye-venous

♦ Ukubaluleka kokuxilongwa kwe-DIC

1. I-DIC yinkqubo enzima ye-pathophysiological kunye ne-slicy efunyenweyo yeklinikhi ye-thrombo-hemorrhagic syndrome.Uninzi lwee-DICs ziqala ngokukhawuleza, izifo ezinzima, ukukhula ngokukhawuleza, ukuxilongwa okunzima, kunye ne-prognosis eyingozi.Ukuba ayifunyaniswanga kwangoko kwaye inyangwe ngokufanelekileyo, Ihlala ibeka esichengeni ubomi besigulane;

2. I-D-dimer ingabonakalisa ubunzima be-DIC ukuya kwinqanaba elithile, i-FDP ingasetyenziselwa ukubeka iliso ekuphuhlisweni kwesi sifo emva kokuba ukuxilongwa kuqinisekisiwe, kunye ne-antithrombin (AT) inceda ukuqonda ubunzima besifo kunye nokusebenza kwesifo. unyango lwe-heparin Indibaniselwano ye-D-dimer, i-FDP kunye novavanyo lwe-AT ibe sesona salathisi sokuxilonga i-DIC.

♦ Ukubaluleka kwiithumba ezinobungozi

1. Izicubu ezinobungozi zihambelana ngokusondeleyo nokungasebenzi kwe-hemostasis.Nokuba zithini na iithumba eziqinileyo okanye i-leukemia, abaguli baya kuba ne-hypercoagulable state okanye i-thrombosis.I-Adenocarcinoma eyinkimbinkimbi yi-thrombosis yeyona ixhaphakileyo;

2. Kufanelekile ukugxininisa ukuba i-thrombosis ingaba ngumqondiso wokuqala we-tumor.Kwizigulana ezine-thrombosis enzulu ye-vein thrombosis engakwaziyo ukufumanisa izinto ezinobungozi zokopha kwe-thrombosis, kunokwenzeka ukuba kubekho i-tumor.

♦ Ukubaluleka kweklinikhi yezinye izifo

1. Ukubeka iliso kunyango lwe-thrombolytic

Ngethuba lonyango, ukuba inani leziyobisi ze-thrombolytic alanele kwaye i-thrombus ayichithwanga ngokupheleleyo, i-D-dimer kunye ne-FDP iya kugcina izinga eliphezulu emva kokufikelela phezulu;ngelixa ichiza eligqithisileyo le-thrombolytic liya kwandisa umngcipheko wokopha.

2. Ukubaluleka kwe-molecule encinci yonyango lwe-heparin emva kokuhlinzwa

Izigulane ezine-trauma / utyando zihlala ziphathwa nge-anticoagulant prophylaxis.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, umthamo osisiseko we-molekyuli encinci ye-heparin yi-2850IU / d, kodwa ukuba inqanaba le-D-dimer yesigulane ngu-2ug / ml ngosuku lwe-4 emva kokuhlinzwa, umthamo unokunyuswa ukuya kumaxesha ama-2 ngosuku.

3. I-Acute aortic dissection (AAD)

I-AAD ngunobangela oqhelekileyo wokufa ngequbuliso kwizigulana.Ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango kunokunciphisa izinga lokufa kwezigulane kunye nokunciphisa iingozi zonyango.

Indlela enokwenzeka yokunyuka kwe-D-dimer kwi-AAD: Emva kokuba uluhlu oluphakathi lwendonga ye-aortic yonakaliswe ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo, udonga lwama-vascular luphuka, olubangela ukuba igazi lihlasele i-linings yangaphakathi nangaphandle ukuze yenze "indawo yobuxoki" , ngenxa yegazi lokwenyaniso kunye nobuxoki kwi-cavity Kukho umehluko omkhulu kwisantya sokuhamba, kwaye isantya sokuhamba kwisigxina sobuxoki sincinci, esinokubangela ukuba i-thrombosis ibangele, ibangele ukuba inkqubo ye-fibrinolytic isebenze, kwaye ekugqibeleni ikhuthaze. ukwanda kwinqanaba le-D-dimer.

03. Izinto ezichaphazela i-D-dimer kunye ne-FDP

1. Iimpawu zePhysiology

Uphakamileyo: Kukho ukungafani okuphawulekayo kwiminyaka yobudala, abafazi abakhulelweyo, umthambo onzima, ukuya exesheni.

2.Impembelelo yesifo

Ukuphakama: i-cerebrovascular stroke, unyango lwe-thrombolytic, usulelo olunzima, i-sepsis, i-tissue gangrene, i-preeclampsia, i-hypothyroidism, isifo esibi sesibindi, i-sarcoidosis.

3.I-Hyperlipidemia kunye nemiphumo yokusela

Unyusiwe: abasela;

Ukunciphisa: i-hyperlipidemia.

4. Iziphumo zeziyobisi

Ukunyuswa: i-heparin, iziyobisi ezichasayo, i-urokinase, i-streptokinase kunye ne-staphylokinase;

Ukunciphisa: izithintelo zokukhulelwa ngomlomo kunye ne-estrogen.
04. Isishwankathelo

Ubhaqo lwe-D-dimer kunye ne-FDP zikhuselekile, zilula, ziyakhawuleza, zinoqoqosho, kwaye zinovakalelo oluphezulu.Bobabini baya kuba neenguqu ezahlukeneyo kwisifo senhliziyo, isifo sesibindi, isifo se-cerebrovascular, i-pre-eclampsia ebangelwa ukukhulelwa, kunye ne-pre-eclampsia.Kubalulekile ukugweba ubunzima besifo, ukubeka iliso ekuphuhliseni nasekutshintsheni isifo, kwaye uvavanye ukuxilongwa kwesiphumo sonyango.isiphumo.