Ebomini, abantu ngokuqinisekileyo baya kungqubeka kwaye bophe amaxesha ngamaxesha.Phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, ukuba amanye amanxeba awanyangwa, igazi liya kugxalathelana ngokuthe ngcembe, liyeke ukopha ngokwalo, yaye ekugqibeleni liwashiya amasuntswana egazi.Kutheni kunje?Zeziphi izinto ezidlale indima ebalulekileyo kule nkqubo?Okulandelayo, makhe sihlolisise ulwazi lokuhlangana kwegazi kunye!

Njengoko sonke sisazi, igazi lihlala lijikeleza emzimbeni womntu phantsi koxinzelelo lwentliziyo ukuhambisa ioksijini, iprotheni, amanzi, i-electrolytes kunye neecarbohydrates ezifunwa ngumzimba.Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, igazi lihamba kwimithambo yegazi.Xa imithambo yegazi yonakalisiwe, umzimba uya kuyeka ukopha kunye nokujija ngothotho lweentshukumo.I-coagulation eqhelekileyo kunye ne-hemostasis yomzimba womntu ikakhulu ixhomekeke kulwakhiwo kunye nomsebenzi wodonga lwegazi olungagungqiyo, umsebenzi oqhelekileyo wezinto ezidityanisiweyo, kunye nomgangatho kunye nobungakanani beeplatelet ezisebenzayo.

Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, iiplatelet zihlelwe ecaleni kweendonga zangaphakathi ze-capillaries ukugcina ingqibelelo yeendonga zemithambo yegazi.Xa imithambo yegazi yonakele, ukucutheka kwenzeka kuqala, ukwenza iindonga zemithambo yegazi kwindawo eyonakeleyo zisondelelane, zicuthe isilonda kwaye zicothise ukuhamba kwegazi.Ngelo xesha, iiplatelet zibambelela, zidibanise kwaye zikhulule iziqulatho kwindawo eyonakalisiweyo, zenze i-thrombus yeplatelet yendawo, ivimbela isilonda.I-hemostasis yemithambo yegazi kunye neeplatelet ibizwa ngokuba yi-hemostasis yokuqala, kwaye inkqubo yokwenza ihlwili ye-fibrin kwindawo eyonzakeleyo emva kokusebenza kwenkqubo yokudibanisa ukuvala inxeba ibizwa ngokuba yindlela yesibini ye-hemostatic.

Ngokukodwa, i-blood coagulation ibhekisela kwinkqubo apho igazi litshintsha ukusuka kwimeko ejikelezayo ukuya kwimeko yejeli engaphumiyo.I-Coagulation ithetha ukuba uthotho lwemiba yokudityaniswa kwe-coagulation ivuselelwa ngokulandelelana yi-enzymolysis, kwaye ekugqibeleni i-thrombin iye yenziwa ukwenza ihlwili le-fibrin.Inkqubo yokudibanisa isoloko ibandakanya iindlela ezintathu, indlela yokudityaniswa kwe-endogenous, i-exogenous coagulation pathway kunye ne-common coagulation pathway.

I-1) Indlela ye-endogenous coagulation iqaliswe yi-coagulation factor XII nge-reaction reaction.Ngokusebenza kunye nokusabela kwezinto ezahlukeneyo zokuhlangana, iprothrombin ekugqibeleni iguqulwa ibe yi-thrombin.I-Thrombin iguqula i-fibrinogen ibe yi-fibrin ukufezekisa injongo ye-coagulation yegazi.

I-2) Indlela ye-coagulation yangaphandle ibhekisela ekukhululweni kwe-tissue factor yayo, efuna ixesha elifutshane lokudibanisa kunye nokuphendula ngokukhawuleza.

Uphononongo lubonise ukuba indlela ye-endogenous coagulation kunye ne-exogenous coagulation pathway inokuthi isebenze ngokufanayo kwaye isebenze ngokufanayo.

3) Indlela yokudibanisa eqhelekileyo ibhekiselele kwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo lokudibanisa inkqubo ye-endogenous coagulation kunye ne-exogenous coagulation system, eyona nto ibandakanya izigaba ezibini zesizukulwana se-thrombin kunye nokwakheka kwe-fibrin.

Oko kubizwa ngokuba yi-hemostasis kunye nomonakalo wemithambo yegazi, ovula indlela yokudibanisa exogenous.Umsebenzi we-physiological we-endogenous coagulation pathway okwangoku awukacaci kakuhle.Nangona kunjalo, kuqinisekile ukuba indlela ye-endogenous ye-coagulation yegazi inokuvulwa xa umzimba womntu udibana nezinto ezenziweyo, okuthetha ukuba izinto zebhayoloji zinokubangela ukuhlangana kwegazi emzimbeni womntu, kwaye le nto iye yaba ngumqobo omkhulu kumzimba womntu. ukufakwa kwezixhobo zonyango emzimbeni womntu.

Ukungahambi kakuhle okanye imiqobo kuyo nayiphi na into yokudibanisa okanye ikhonkco kwinkqubo yokudibanisa iya kubangela ukungaqhelekanga okanye ukungasebenzi kuyo yonke inkqubo yokudibanisa.Kuyabonakala ukuba i-blood coagulation yinkqubo enzima kwaye ebuthathaka emzimbeni womntu, edlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni ubomi bethu.