(1) D-dimer
Njengemveliso yokuthotywa kwe-fibrin edibeneyo, i-D-dimer isalathiso esiqhelekileyo esibonisa ukusebenza kwe-coagulation kunye ne-hyperfibrinolysis yesibini.Kwizigulana ezine-COVID-19, amanqanaba aphezulu e-D-dimer luphawu olubalulekileyo lokuphazamiseka kwe-coagulation.Amanqanaba e-D-dimer nawo anxulumene ngokusondeleyo nobunzima besifo, kwaye izigulana ezine-D-dimer ephezulu kakhulu xa zithe zamkelwa ziba ne-prognosis embi kakhulu.Izikhokelo ezivela kuMbutho waMazwe ngaMazwe weThrombosis kunye neHemostasis (ISTH) icebisa ukuba i-D-dimer ephakanyiswe ngokuphawulekileyo (ngokubanzi ngaphezulu kwe-3 okanye ka-4 umyinge ongaphezulu wesiqhelo) ingaluphawu lokulaliswa esibhedlele kwizigulana ze-COVID-19, emva kokukhutshelwa ngaphandle kokuchasana. I-Anticoagulation kunye ne-prophylactic doses ye-heparin ephantsi-molekyuli kufuneka inikwe izigulane ezinjalo ngokukhawuleza.Xa i-D-dimer iphakanyiswa ngokuqhubekayo kwaye kukho ukukrokra okuphezulu kwe-venous thrombosis okanye i-microvascular embolism, i-anticoagulation kunye neyeza zonyango ze-heparin kufuneka ziqwalaselwe.

Nangona i-D-dimer ephakamileyo inokuthi iphakamise i-hyperfibrinolysis, ukuthambekela ukopha kwizigulana ze-COVID-19 ezine-D-dimer ephakame ngokuphawulekayo ayiqhelekanga ngaphandle kokuba ukuqhubela phambili kwi-DIC hypocoagulable isigaba, icebisa ukuba i-COVID-19 Inkqubo ye-fibrinolytic ye-19 isathintelwa.Olunye uphawu olunxulumene nefibrin, oko kukuthi, utshintsho lwenqanaba le-FDP kunye nenqanaba le-D-dimer lalifana ngokusisiseko.

 

(2) PT
Ixesha elide le-PT likwasisalathisi sokuphazamiseka okunokwenzeka kwi-coagulation kwizigulana ze-COVID-19 kwaye ibonakaliswe inyanyaniswa ne-prognosis embi.Kwinqanaba lokuqala lokuphazamiseka kwe-coagulation kwi-COVID-19, izigulana ezine-PT zihlala ziqhelekile okanye zincinci ngokungaqhelekanga, kwaye i-PT ende kwixesha le-hypercoagulable ihlala ibonisa ukusebenza kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezinto eziphuma ngaphandle, kunye nokucotha kwe-fibrin polymerization, ngoko ke ikwayi-anticoagulation yokuthintela.enye yezalathiso.Nangona kunjalo, xa i-PT iqhubeka ixesha elide kakhulu, ngakumbi xa isigulane sinezibonakaliso zokopha, kubonisa ukuba ukuphazamiseka kwe-coagulation kuye kwangena kwi-coagulation ephantsi, okanye isigulane sinzima ngenxa yokungaphumeleli kwesibindi, ukungabikho kwe-vitamin K, i-anticoagulant overdose, njl. Utofelo-gazi lweplasma lufanele luqwalaselwe.Unyango olulolunye.Enye into yokuhlola i-coagulation, i-activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), igcinwa kakhulu kwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo ngexesha le-hypercoagulable phase of coagulation disorders, enokuthi ibangelwa ukunyuka kwe-reactivity ye-factor VIII kwimeko yokuvuvukala.

 

(3) Ubalo lwePlatelet kunye novavanyo lomsebenzi
Nangona ukusebenza kwe-coagulation kunokukhokelela ekunciphiseni ukusetyenziswa kweplatelet, ukuncipha kwenani leplatelet aliqhelekanga kwizigulana ze-COVID-19, ezinokunxulumana nokukhululwa okwandisiweyo kwe-thrombopoietin, i-IL-6, ii-cytokines ezikhuthaza ukuphinda kusebenze kweplatelet kumazwe adumbileyo Ke ngoko, ixabiso elipheleleyo Isibalo seplatelet ayisosalathisi esibuthathaka esibonisa ukuphazamiseka kokuhlangana kwi-COVID-19, kwaye kunokuba luncedo ngakumbi ukunikela ingqalelo kutshintsho lwayo.Ukongeza, ukuncipha kwenani leplatelet kunxulunyaniswa kakhulu nokungachaneki kakuhle kwaye kukwayenye yezalathiso zeprophylactic anticoagulation.Nangona kunjalo, xa isibalo sincitshiswa kakhulu (umzekelo, <50 × 109 / L), kwaye isigulane sinezibonakaliso zokuphuma kwegazi, ukufakelwa kwecandelo leplatelet kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo.

Ngokufana neziphumo zezifundo zangaphambili kwizigulana ezine-sepsis, iimvavanyo ze-in vitro platelet function kwizigulana ze-COVID-19 ezinokuphazamiseka kwe-coagulation zihlala zinika iziphumo ezisezantsi, kodwa iiplatelet zokwenyani kwizigulana zihlala zisebenza, ezinokuthi zibangelwe ngumsebenzi ophantsi.Iiplatelet eziphakamileyo ziqala ukusetyenziswa kwaye zidliwe yinkqubo yokudibanisa, kwaye umsebenzi ohambelana neeplatelet kwi-circulation eqokelelweyo iphantsi.

 

(4) FIB
Njengeprotein yenqanaba elibukhali lokuphendula, abaguli abane-COVID-19 bahlala benenqanaba eliphakamileyo le-FIB kwinqanaba elibukhali losulelo, elingahambelani kuphela nobuqatha bokudumba, kodwa i-FIB ephakame kakhulu ikwangumngcipheko we-thrombosis, ke ngoko. inokusetyenziswa njenge-COVID-19 Esinye sezibonakaliso ze-anticoagulation kwizigulana.Nangona kunjalo, xa isigulane sinokuncipha okuqhubekayo kwi-FIB, kunokubonisa ukuba ukuphazamiseka kwe-coagulation kuye kwaqhubela phambili kwinqanaba le-hypocoagulable, okanye isigulane sinobunzima obukhulu be-hepatic insufficiency, eyenzeka kakhulu ekupheleni kwesifo, xa i-FIB<1.5 g / L kunye nokuhamba kunye nokuphuma kwegazi , I-FIB infusion kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo.