Physiological hemostasis ke e 'ngoe ea mekhoa ea bohlokoa ea ho sireletsa' mele.Ha sejana sa mali se senyehile, ka lehlakoreng le leng, ho hlokahala hore ho thehoe polaka ea hemostatic ka potlako ho qoba tahlehelo ea mali;ka lehlakoreng le leng, hoa hlokahala ho fokotsa karabelo ea hemostatic ho karolo e senyehileng le ho boloka boemo ba mokelikeli oa mali ka har'a methapo ea mali ea systemic.Ka hona, hemostasis ea 'mele ke phello ea lintlha tse fapaneng le mekhoa e sebelisanang ho boloka tekanyo e nepahetseng.Ho ea ka meriana, linale tse nyenyane li atisa ho sebelisoa ho phunya tsebe kapa menoana ea menoana ho lumella mali ho phalla ka tlhaho, ebe o lekanya nako ea ho tsoa mali.Nako ena e bitsoa nako ea ho tsoa mali (nako ea ho tsoa mali), 'me batho ba tloaelehileng ha ba fete metsotso e 9 (mokhoa oa thempleite).Bolelele ba nako ea ho tsoa mali bo ka bonahatsa boemo ba mosebetsi oa fisioloji oa hemostatic.Ha ts'ebetso ea 'mele ea hemostatic e fokotsehile, ho tsoa mali ho atisa ho etsahala,' me mafu a mali a hlaha;ha ts'ebetso e feteletseng ea ts'ebetso ea fisioloji ea hemostatic e ka lebisa ho thrombosis ea pathological.

Mokhoa oa motheo oa physiological hemostasis
Ts'ebetso ea physiological hemostasis haholo-holo e kenyelletsa lits'ebetso tse tharo: vasoconstriction, sebopeho sa platelet thrombus le coagulation ea mali.

1 Vasoconstriction Physiological hemostasis e bonahala ka lekhetlo la pele e le ho honyela ha mothapo oa mali o senyehileng le methapo e menyane e haufi, e fokotsang phallo ea mali ea lehae mme e thusa ho fokotsa kapa ho thibela mali.Lisosa tsa vasoconstriction li kenyelletsa lintlha tse tharo tse latelang: ① Kotsi stimulus reflex e baka vasoconstriction;② Tšenyo ea lerako la methapo e bakang ho fokotseha ha vascular myogenic;③ Platelets e khomarelang kotsi e lokolla 5-HT, TXA₂, joalo-joalo ho thibela methapo ea mali.lintho tse bakang vasoconstriction.

2 Ho thehoa ha platelet-wise hemostatic thrombus Ka mor'a kotsi ea methapo ea mali, ka lebaka la ho pepeseha ha subendothelial collagen, palo e nyenyane ea li-platelet e khomarela collagen ea subendothelial nakong ea metsotsoana e 1-2, e leng mohato oa pele oa ho thehoa ha hemostatic thrombus.Ka ho khomarela liplatelete, sebaka sa kotsi se ka "tsebisoa", e le hore plug ea hemostatic e ka behoa hantle.Liplatelete tse khomaretsoeng li tsoela pele ho kenya tšebetsong litsela tsa lipontšo tsa liplatelete ho kenya tšebetsong liplatelete le ho lokolla ADP le TXA₂ tsa endogenous, tseo le tsona li kenyang liplatelete tse ling maling, li bokella liplatelete tse ling hore li khomarele tse ling 'me li baka ho kopana ho ke keng ha khutlisoa;lisele tse khubelu tsa mali tse senyehileng tsa lehae li lokolla ADP le sebakeng sa heno The thrombin e hlahisoang nakong ea ts'ebetso ea coagulation e ka etsa hore liplatelete tse phallang haufi le leqeba li tsoele pele ho khomarela le ho bokella liplatelete tse khomaretsoeng le tse khomaretsoeng ho collagen ea subendothelial, 'me qetellong e thehe polaka ea platelet hemostatic ho. thibela leqeba le ho fihlela hemostasis ea pele, e tsejoang hape e le "primary hemostasis" (irsthemostasis).Hemostasis ea mantlha e itšetlehile haholo ka vasoconstriction le ho thehoa ha platelet hemostatic plug.Ho phaella moo, ho fokotseha ha PGI₂ le NO tlhahiso ho endothelium ea vascular e senyehileng e boetse e na le molemo ho bokella liplatelete.

3 Blood coagulation Methapo ea mali e senyehileng e ka boela ea kenya tšebetsong tsamaiso ea mali, 'me ho kopana ha mali sebakeng ho etsahala ka potlako, e le hore fibrinogen e qhibilihang ka har'a plasma e fetohe fibrin e sa tsitsang,' me e kenelle marang-rang ho matlafatsa polaka ea hemostatic, e bitsoang secondary. hemostasis (hemostasis ea bobeli) hemostasis) (Setšoantšo sa 3-6).Qetellong, linama tsa sebakeng seo tsa fibrous lia ata 'me li hola ho ba leqeba la mali ho fihlela hemostasis ea ka ho sa feleng.

Physiological hemostasis e arotsoe ka mekhoa e meraro: vasoconstriction, platelet thrombus formation, le mali coagulation, empa mekhoa ena e meraro e etsahala ka ho latellana le ho kopana, 'me e amana haufi-ufi.Platelet adhesion ho bonolo ho finyella feela ha phallo ea mali e fokotseha ka vasoconstriction;S-HT le TXA2 tse lokollotsoeng ka mor'a ts'ebetso ea platelet li ka khothalletsa vasoconstriction.Liplatelete tse kentsoeng li fana ka sebaka sa phospholipid bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea lintlha tsa coagulation nakong ea ho kopana ha mali.Ho na le lintlha tse ngata tsa coagulation tse tlamelletsoeng ka holim'a liplatelete, 'me liplatelete li ka boela tsa lokolla lintlha tsa coagulation tse kang fibrinogen, kahoo li potlakisa ts'ebetso ea coagulation haholo.Thrombin e hlahisoang nakong ea ho kopana ha mali e ka matlafatsa ts'ebetso ea liplatelete.Ho feta moo, ho honyela ha liplatelete leseleng la mali ho ka etsa hore leqeba la mali le khutlele morao ebe le pepeta serum e ho lona, ​​ho etsa hore leqeba la mali le tiee le ho tiisa ka thata ho buleha ha mothapo oa mali.Ka hona, lits'ebetso tse tharo tsa physiological hemostasis lia khothaletsana, e le hore hemostasis ea 'mele e ka etsoa ka nako le ka potlako.Hobane liplatelete li amana haufi-ufi le likhokahano tse tharo tsa tšebetso ea fisioloji ea hemostasis, liplatelete li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa haholo ts'ebetsong ea hemostasis ea 'mele.Nako ea ho tsoa mali e lelefalitsoe ha liplatelete li fokotseha kapa mosebetsi o fokotsehile.