1. Prothrombin nguva (PT):

PT inoreva nguva inodiwa pakushandurwa kweprothrombin kuva thrombin, inotungamirira ku plasma coagulation, inoratidzira basa rekugadzirisa kwekunze kwekunze.PT inonyanya kutsanangurwa nemazinga e coagulation factor I, II, V, VII, uye X yakagadzirwa nechiropa.Iyo yakakosha coagulation chinhu mu extrinsic coagulation nzira ndeye VII, iyo inoumba FVIIa-TF yakaoma ine tissue factor (TF)., iyo inotanga iyo extrinsic coagulation process.Iyo PT yevakadzi vane pamuviri vakajairwa ipfupi pane yevakadzi vasina nhumbu.Kana zvinhu X, V, II kana I zvichiderera, PT inogona kurebeswa.PT haina hanya nekushaikwa kwechinhu chimwe chete coagulation.PT inorebesa zvakanyanya kana kuwanda kweprothrombin kunodonha pasi pe20% yezinga rakajairwa uye zvinhu V, VII, uye X zvinowira pasi pe35% yemazinga akajairika.PT yakarebesa kwenguva refu pasina kukonzera kubuda ropa kusingaite.Kupfupika kweprothrombin nguva panguva yekuzvitakura kunoonekwa mu thromboembolic chirwere uye hypercoagulable states.Kana PT iri 3 s kureba kupfuura yakajairika kutonga, kuongororwa kweDIC kunofanirwa kutariswa.

2. Thrombin nguva:

Thrombin nguva ndiyo nguva yekushandurwa kwefibrinogen kune fibrin, iyo inogona kuratidza hutano uye huwandu hwefibrinogen muropa.Nguva yeThrombin inopfupiswa muvakadzi vane pamuviri vakakwana kana vachienzaniswa nevakadzi vasina pamuviri.Kwakanga kusina kuchinja kukuru munguva yethrombin panguva yose yekuzvitakura.Thrombin nguva zvakare inotaridza parameter yefibrin degradation zvigadzirwa uye shanduko mufibrinolytic system.Kunyange zvazvo nguva yethrombin yakapfupika panguva yekuzvitakura, kuchinja pakati penguva dzakasiyana dzepamuviri hakuna kukosha, izvo zvinoratidzawo kuti kushandiswa kwefibrinolytic system muhutano hwepamuviri kunowedzerwa., kuenzanisa uye kuwedzera coagulation basa.Wang Li et al [6] vakaita chidzidzo chekuenzanisa pakati pevakadzi vane pamuviri vakajairwa nevakadzi vasina nhumbu.Iro thrombin nguva yekuedza migumisiro yeboka revakadzi vane pamuviri yakanonoka yakanga yakanyanya kupfupika kupfuura yeboka rekutonga uye mapoka ekutanga uye epakati pamuviri, zvichiratidza kuti thrombin nguva indekisi muboka rekupedzisira pamuviri yakanga yakakwirira kudarika yePT uye yakagadziriswa chikamu thromboplastin.Nguva (yakagadzirirwa chikamu chethromboplastin nguva, APTT) inonyanya kuoma.

3. APTT:

Activated partial thromboplastin nguva inonyanya kushandiswa kuona shanduko mune coagulation basa reiyo intrinsic coagulation nzira.Pasi pemamiriro emuviri, iyo huru coagulation zvinhu zvinosanganisirwa mukati memukati coagulation nzira ndeye XI, XII, VIII uye VI, iyo coagulation factor XII chinhu chakakosha munzira iyi.XI uye XII, prokallikrein uye yakakwira molecular uremu excitogen pamwe chete kutora chikamu muchikamu chekusangana che coagulation.Mushure mekushandiswa kwechikamu chekusangana, XI uye XII inogadziriswa zvakatevedzana, nekudaro kutanga endogenous coagulation nzira.Zvinyorwa zvinyorwa zvinoratidza kuti kana zvichienzaniswa nevakadzi vasina pamuviri, iyo activated partial thromboplastin nguva mumimba yakajairwa inopfupiswa panguva yese yekuzvitakura, uye yechipiri neyechitatu trimesters ipfupi zvakanyanya pane iyo yekutanga.Kunyange zvazvo pamuviri wakajairika, coagulation factor XII, VIII, X, uye XI inowedzera zvinoenderana nekuwedzera kwemavhiki ekuzvitakura panguva yese yekuzvitakura, nekuti coagulation factor XI inogona kusachinja mune yechipiri neyechitatu trimesters yekuzvitakura, iyo yese endogenous coagulation basa Pakati. uye kunonoka kubata pamuviri, kuchinja kwakanga kusiri pachena.

4. Fibrinogen (Fg):

Seglycoprotein, inoumba peptide A uye peptide B pasi pethrombin hydrolysis, uye pakupedzisira inoumba insoluble fibrin kumisa kubuda ropa.Fg inoita basa rakakosha mukuita kweplatelet aggregation.Kana maplatelet akaitwa, fibrinogen receptor GP Ib/IIIa inoumbwa pa membrane, uye maplatelet aggregates anoumbwa kuburikidza nekubatana kweFg, uye pakupedzisira thrombus inoumbwa.Mukuwedzera, seprotein acute reactive, kuwedzera kweplasma yeFg kunoratidza kuti kune maitiro ekuputika mumitsipa yeropa, iyo inogona kukanganisa rheology yeropa uye ndiyo inonyanya kugadzirisa plasma viscosity.Iyo inopindira zvakananga mu coagulation uye inowedzera platelet aggregation.Kana preeclampsia ikaitika, Fg mazinga anowedzera zvakanyanya, uye kana basa remuviri rekubatanidza radzikiswa, Fg mazinga anozodzikira.Nhamba huru yezvidzidzo zvekare zvakaratidza kuti Fg yezinga panguva yekupinda muimba yekusununguka ndiyo inonyanya kukosha chiratidzo chekufanotaura kuitika kwekubuda kweropa.Iyo yakanaka yekufungidzira kukosha ndeye 100% [7].Muchikamu chechitatu chetatu, plasma Fg inowanzoita 3 kusvika 6 g/L.Panguva yekushandiswa kwe coagulation, yakakwirira plasma Fg inodzivirira kliniki hypofibrinemia.Chete apo plasma Fg> 1.5 g/L inogona kuve nechokwadi cheyakajairika coagulation basa, apo plasma Fg <1.5 g/L, uye mumatambudziko akaoma Fg <1 g/L, kutarisisa kunofanirwa kubhadharwa kune njodzi yeDIC, uye kuongorora kwakasimba kunofanira kunge kuri. wakaita.Tichitarisa pane bidirectional shanduko yeFg, zvirimo muFg zvine chekuita nebasa rethrombin uye inoita basa rakakosha mukuita kweplatelet aggregation.Muzviitiko zvine Fg yakakwirira, kutarisirwa kunofanira kubhadharwa kuongororwa kwe hypercoagulability-inoenderana zviratidzo uye autoimmune antibodies [8].Gao Xiaoli naNiu Xiumin [9] vakaenzanisa plasma Fg yemukati mevakadzi vane nhumbu vane gestational diabetes mellitus uye vakadzi vane nhumbu vakajairwa, uye vakawana kuti zviri muFg zvaive nechekuita nekuita kwethrombin.Pane tsika ye thrombosis.