Thrombosis ndi hemostasis ndizofunikira pathupi la munthu, zomwe zimakhudza mitsempha yamagazi, mapulateleti, zinthu zomwe zimagawanika, mapuloteni oletsa kukomoka, ndi machitidwe a fibrinolytic.Ndiwo dongosolo lokhazikika lomwe limaonetsetsa kuti magazi aziyenda bwino m'thupi la munthu.Kuthamanga kwa magazi kosalekeza, osataya mtsempha wamagazi (kutaya magazi) kapena kutsekeka kwa mtsempha wamagazi (thrombosis).

Njira ya thrombosis ndi hemostasis nthawi zambiri imagawidwa m'magawo atatu:

Hemostasis yoyambirira imakhudzidwa makamaka ndi khoma la chotengera, ma cell endothelial, ndi mapulateleti.Pambuyo pa kuvulala kwa chombo, mapulateleti amasonkhana mwamsanga kuti asiye kutuluka.

Sekondale hemostasis, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti plasma hemostasis, imayendetsa dongosolo la coagulation kuti lisinthe fibrinogen kukhala fibrin yolumikizana ndi insoluble cross-linked fibrin, yomwe imapanga magazi akulu.

Fibrinolysis, yomwe imaphwanya magazi a fibrin ndikubwezeretsa magazi abwinobwino.

Gawo lirilonse limayendetsedwa bwino kuti likhale loyenera.Kuwonongeka kwa ulalo uliwonse kungayambitse matenda okhudzana nawo.

Kusokonezeka kwa magazi ndi mawu omwe amatanthauza matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha njira zachilendo za hemostasis.Matenda a magazi amatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: obadwa nawo komanso omwe amapezeka, ndipo zizindikiro zachipatala zimatuluka magazi m'madera osiyanasiyana.Matenda obadwa nawo a magazi, matenda a hemophilia A (kuchepa kwa coagulation factor VIII), hemophilia B (kuchepa kwa coagulation factor IX) ndi coagulation zolakwika zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kusowa kwa fibrinogen;kupeza matenda otaya magazi, wamba Pali kusowa kwa vitamini K komwe kumadalira coagulation factor, matenda a coagulation omwe amayamba chifukwa cha matenda a chiwindi, ndi zina zambiri.

Matenda a thromboembolic amagawika m'mitsempha yamagazi ndi venous thromboembolism (venousthromboembolism, VTE).Kuthamanga kwa magazi kumakhala kofala kwambiri m'mitsempha yamagazi, mitsempha ya ubongo, mitsempha ya mesenteric, ndi mitsempha ya mitsempha, ndi zina zotero. ;zimayamba chifukwa cha ischemia ndi hypoxia m'magawo okhudzana ndi magazi Osakhazikika chiwalo, kapangidwe ka minofu ndi magwiridwe antchito, monga infarction ya myocardial, kulephera kwamtima, kugwedezeka kwamtima, arrhythmia, kusokonezeka kwa chidziwitso ndi hemiplegia, etc.;Kutayika kwa thrombus kumayambitsa matenda a ubongo, embolism yaimpso, splenic embolism ndi zizindikiro zina zokhudzana ndi izi.Venous thrombosis ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri wa mitsempha yakuya m'munsi.Amapezeka m'mitsempha yakuya monga popliteal vein, femoral vein, mesenteric vein, ndi portal vein.Mawonetseredwe mwachilengedwe ndi kutupa m'deralo ndi makulidwe osagwirizana a m'munsi.Thromboembolism imatanthawuza kutsekeka kwa thrombus kuchokera pamalo opangidwira, kutsekereza pang'ono kapena kutsekereza mitsempha ina panthawi yomwe ikuyenda ndi magazi, kuchititsa ischemia, hypoxia, necrosis (arterial thrombosis) ndi kupanikizana, edema ( pathological process of venous thrombosis). .Pambuyo pakugwa kwa mitsempha yakuya ya m'munsi, imatha kulowa mumtsempha wa m'mapapo ndi kufalikira kwa magazi, ndipo zizindikiro ndi zizindikiro za pulmonary embolism zimawonekera.Chifukwa chake, kupewa venous thromboembolism ndikofunikira kwambiri.