Maphunziro awiri ofunika kwambiri a magazi coagulation, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) ndi prothrombin time (PT), onsewa amathandizira kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa kusokonekera kwa coagulation.
Kusunga magazi mu mkhalidwe wamadzimadzi，Thupi liyenera kuchita wosakhwima kugwirizanitsa mchitidwe.Magazi ozungulira amakhala ndi zigawo ziwiri za magazi, procoagulant, yomwe imathandizira kuti magazi azithamanga, ndi anticoagulant, yomwe imalepheretsa kusungunuka, kuti magazi aziyenda bwino.Komabe, mtsempha wamagazi ukawonongeka ndipo kusanja kumasokonekera, procoagulant imasonkhanitsa pamalo owonongeka ndipo kutsekeka kwa magazi kumayamba.Njira yamagazi coagulation ndi ulalo-ndi-ulalo, ndipo imatha kuyambitsidwa ndi njira ziwiri zolumikizirana molingana, mkati kapena kunja.Endogenous dongosolo adamulowetsa pamene magazi kukhudzana kolajeni kapena kuwonongeka endothelium.Dongosolo lakunja limayatsidwa pamene minofu yowonongeka imatulutsa zinthu zina za coagulation monga thromboplastin.Njira yomaliza yodziwika bwino ya machitidwe awiri omwe amatsogolera kumtunda wa condensation.Pamene ndondomeko ya coagulation iyi, ngakhale ikuwoneka ngati nthawi yomweyo, mayesero awiri ofunikira, oyambitsa nthawi ya thromboplastin (APTT) ndi prothrombin time (PT), akhoza kuchitidwa.Kuchita mayesowa kumathandiza kuzindikira zovuta zonse za coagulation.

 

1. Kodi APTT imasonyeza chiyani?

Kuyesa kwa APTT kumayesa njira zokhazikika komanso zofananira.Mwachindunji, zimayesa nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti magazi apange magazi a fibrin ndikuwonjezerapo chinthu chogwira ntchito (calcium) ndi phospholipids.Kuzindikira komanso mwachangu kuposa nthawi ya thromboplastin.APTT nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyang'anira chithandizo ndi chiwindi cha violet.

Laborator iliyonse imakhala ndi mtengo wake wa APTT, koma nthawi zambiri imakhala kuyambira 16 mpaka 40 masekondi.Nthawi yayitali ikhoza kuwonetsa kusakwanira kwa gawo lachinayi la njira yamkati, Xia kapena factor, kapena chosowa I, V kapena X cha njira wamba.Odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la vitamini K, matenda a chiwindi, kapena kufalitsa intravascular coagulopathy adzatalikitsa APTT.Mankhwala ena—mankhwala opha maantibayotiki, anticoagulants, narcotic, narcotic, kapena aspirin angatalikitse APTT.

Kuchepa kwa APTT kumatha chifukwa cha kutuluka magazi kwambiri, zilonda zazikulu (kupatulapo khansa ya chiwindi) komanso mankhwala ena ophatikizira antihistamines, antiacids, kukonzekera kwa digito, ndi zina zambiri.

2. Kodi PT ikuwonetsa chiyani?

Kuyesa kwa PT kumayesa njira zakunja komanso zodziwika bwino za kuundana.Kuwunika chithandizo ndi anticoagulants.Mayesowa amayesa nthawi yomwe plasma imaundana pambuyo powonjezera minofu ndi calcium ku zitsanzo za magazi.Mtundu wabwinobwino wa PT ndi masekondi 11 mpaka 16.Kutalikitsa kwa PT kungasonyeze kusowa kwa thrombin profibrinogen kapena factor V, W kapena X.

Odwala omwe ali ndi kusanza, kutsekula m'mimba, kudya masamba obiriwira, mowa kapena mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, antihypertensives, oral anticoagulants, mankhwala oledzeretsa, ndi mlingo waukulu wa aspirin amathanso kutalikitsa PT.PT yotsika kwambiri imathanso kuyambitsidwa ndi antihistamine barbiturates, antacids, kapena vitamini K.

Ngati PT ya wodwalayo idutsa masekondi a 40, vitamini K ya intramuscular kapena plasma yowumitsidwa mwatsopano idzafunika.Nthawi ndi nthawi, fufuzani magazi a wodwalayo, fufuzani minyewa yake, ndi kuyezetsa magazi amatsenga mumkodzo ndi ndowe.

 

3. Fotokozani zotsatira zake

Wodwala yemwe ali ndi vuto la kukomoka nthawi zambiri amafunikira kuyezetsa kawiri, APTT ndi PT, ndipo adzafunika kuti mutanthauzire zotsatira izi, kupititsa mayeso a nthawiyi, ndikukonzekereratu chithandizo chake.