(1) D-dimer
Monga chinthu chowonongeka cha fibrin yolumikizana ndi mtanda, D-dimer ndi chizindikiro chodziwika bwino chowonetsa kuyambika kwa coagulation ndi hyperfibrinolysis yachiwiri.Odwala omwe ali ndi COVID-19, milingo yokwezeka ya D-dimer ndi chizindikiro chofunikira pazovuta za coagulation.Miyezo ya D-dimer imagwirizananso kwambiri ndi kuuma kwa matenda, ndipo odwala omwe ali ndi D-dimer yokwezeka kwambiri pakuloledwa amakhala ndi chiyembekezo choyipa kwambiri.Maupangiri ochokera ku International Society of Thrombosis and Hemostasis (ISTH) amalimbikitsa kuti D-dimer yokwezeka kwambiri (nthawi zambiri yopitilira 3 kapena 4 malire apamwamba) ikhoza kukhala chisonyezo chakugonekedwa m'chipatala mwa odwala a COVID-19, atasiyanitsidwa ndi zotsutsana. Anticoagulation ndi Mlingo wa prophylactic wa heparin yotsika kwambiri yama cell-maselo iyenera kuperekedwa kwa odwala otere posachedwa.Pamene D-dimer ikukwera pang'onopang'ono ndipo pali kukayikira kwakukulu kwa venous thrombosis kapena microvascular embolism, anticoagulation ndi mankhwala a heparin ayenera kuganiziridwa.

Ngakhale D-dimer yokwezeka ikhoza kuwonetsanso hyperfibrinolysis, kuchuluka kwa magazi mwa odwala a COVID-19 omwe ali ndi D-dimer yokwezeka kwambiri sizachilendo pokhapokha ngati mukupita ku gawo la DIC hypocoagulable, kutanthauza kuti COVID-19 The fibrinolytic system of -19 ikadali yoletsedwa.Chizindikiro china chokhudzana ndi fibrin, ndiko kuti, kusintha kwa mulingo wa FDP ndi mulingo wa D-dimer kunali kofanana.

 

(2) PT
Kutalikirana kwa PT ndichizindikiro chazovuta za coagulation mwa odwala a COVID-19 ndipo zawonetsedwa kuti zikugwirizana ndi kusazindikira bwino.Kumayambiriro kwa vuto la coagulation mu COVID-19, odwala omwe ali ndi PT nthawi zambiri amakhala abwinobwino kapena ocheperako, ndipo PT yotalikirapo mu nthawi ya hypercoagulable nthawi zambiri imawonetsa kuyambitsa ndikugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zakunja za coagulation, komanso kuchepa kwa fibrin polymerization, Chifukwa chake ndi anticoagulation yodzitetezera.chimodzi mwa zizindikiro.Komabe, pamene PT ikuwonjezereka kwambiri, makamaka pamene wodwalayo ali ndi zizindikiro za magazi, zimasonyeza kuti matenda a coagulation alowa m'gawo lochepa la coagulation, kapena wodwalayo amavutitsidwa ndi kuchepa kwa chiwindi, kusowa kwa vitamini K, anticoagulant overdose, etc., ndi Kuika magazi kwa plasma kuyenera kuganiziridwa.Njira ina yothandizira.Chinthu china chowunika chowunikira, choyambitsa partial thromboplastin time (APTT), nthawi zambiri chimasungidwa pamlingo wabwinobwino panthawi ya hypercoagulable gawo la zovuta za coagulation, zomwe zitha kukhala chifukwa chakuchulukirachulukira kwa factor VIII mu kutupa.

 

(3) Kuwerengera kwa Platelet ndi kuyesa ntchito
Ngakhale kutsegula kwa coagulation kungayambitse kuchepa kwa kumwa kwa mapulateleti, kuchepa kwa mapulateleti sikozolowereka mwa odwala a COVID-19, omwe atha kukhala okhudzana ndi kutulutsidwa kwa thrombopoietin, IL-6, ma cytokines omwe amalimbikitsa kuyambiranso kwa mapulateleti m'maiko otupa Chifukwa chake, kufunikira kotheratu kwa kuchuluka kwa mapulateleti si chizindikiro chodziwika bwino chomwe chikuwonetsa kusokonezeka kwa coagulation mu COVID-19, ndipo kungakhale kofunika kwambiri kulabadira kusintha kwake.Kuphatikiza apo, kuchepa kwa mapulateleti kumalumikizidwa kwambiri ndi kusazindikira bwino komanso ndi chimodzi mwazowonetsa za prophylactic anticoagulation.Komabe, pamene chiwerengerocho chikuchepa kwambiri (mwachitsanzo, <50 × 109/L), ndipo wodwalayo ali ndi maonekedwe a magazi, kuikidwa kwa chigawo cha platelet kuyenera kuganiziridwa.

Zofanana ndi zotsatira za maphunziro am'mbuyomu mwa odwala omwe ali ndi sepsis, kuyezetsa magazi kwa in vitro platelet mwa odwala a COVID-19 omwe ali ndi vuto la coagulation nthawi zambiri kumapereka zotsatira zotsika, koma mapulateleti enieni mwa odwala nthawi zambiri amayatsidwa, zomwe zimatha chifukwa chochepa.Mapulateleti apamwamba amayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndikudyedwa ndi njira ya coagulation, ndipo magwiridwe antchito a mapulateleti omwe amasonkhanitsidwa amakhala ochepa.

 

(4) FIB
Monga mapuloteni owopsa, odwala omwe ali ndi COVID-19 nthawi zambiri amakhala okwera kwambiri a FIB mu gawo lowopsa la matenda, zomwe sizimangokhudzana ndi kuopsa kwa kutupa, koma FIB yokwezeka kwambiri ndiyomwe imayambitsa chiopsezo cha thrombosis. itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati COVID-19 Chimodzi mwazowonetsa za anticoagulation mwa odwala.Komabe, pamene wodwala ali ndi kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono kwa FIB, zingasonyeze kuti vuto la coagulation lapita patsogolo mpaka ku hypocoagulable siteji, kapena wodwalayo ali ndi vuto lalikulu la chiwindi, lomwe nthawi zambiri limapezeka kumapeto kwa matendawa, pamene FIB<1.5 g / L ndi kutsagana ndi magazi, kulowetsedwa kwa FIB kuyenera kuganiziridwa.