Hemagglutination refers to blood coagulation, which means that blood can change from liquid to solid with the participation of coagulation factors. If a wound is bleeding, blood coagulation allows the body to automatically stop the bleeding. There are two pathways of human blood coagulation, exogenous coagulation and endogenous coagulation. No matter which way is obstructed, abnormal coagulation function will occur. On the one hand, abnormal blood coagulation can be manifested as hemorrhage—including superficial bleeding, joint muscle bleeding, visceral bleeding, etc., with different symptoms; Myocardial infarction), cerebrovascular embolism (cerebrovascular infarction), pulmonary vascular embolism (pulmonary infarction), lower extremity venous embolism, etc., a small number of patients may have hemorrhage and embolism at the same time.

1. Superficial bleeding

Superficial bleeding mainly manifests as skin and mucous membrane bleeding points, petechiae, and ecchymosis. Common diseases include vitamin K deficiency, coagulation factor VII deficiency, and hemophilia A.

2. Joint muscle bleeding

Bleeding of joint muscles and subcutaneous tissue can form local hematoma, manifested as local swelling and pain, movement disorders, and affecting muscle function. In severe cases, the hematoma is absorbed and may leave joint deformities. The common disease is hemophilia, in which the energy supply of prothrombin is impaired, which leads to bleeding.

3. Visceral bleeding

Abnormal blood clotting may cause damage to multiple organs. Among them, the damage rate of the kidney can be as high as 67%, and it often manifests as abnormal bleeding symptoms of the urinary system, such as hematuria. If the digestive tract is damaged, there may be bleeding symptoms such as black stools and bloody stools. Severe cases can lead to central nervous system dysfunction, headache, disturbance of consciousness and other symptoms. Visceral bleeding can be seen in various coagulation factor deficiency diseases.

In addition, people with abnormal blood clotting may also experience continuous traumatic bleeding. The clinical manifestations of vascular embolism vary depending on the organ and degree of embolism. For example, cerebral infarction may have hemiplegia, aphasia, and mental disorders.

Abnormal blood coagulation function is very harmful to the human body, so it is necessary to go to the hospital in time to find out the cause and carry out treatment under the advice of a doctor.