Thrombosis treatment methods mainly include drug therapy and surgical therapy. Drug therapy is divided into anticoagulant drugs, antiplatelet drugs, and thrombolytic drugs according to the mechanism of action. Dissolves formed thrombus. Some patients who meet the indications can also be treated by surgery.

1. Drug treatment:

1) Anticoagulants: Heparin, warfarin and new oral anticoagulants are commonly used. Heparin has a strong anticoagulant effect in vivo and in vitro, which can effectively prevent deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. It is often used to treat acute myocardial infarction and venous thromboembolism. It should be noted that heparin can be divided into unfractionated heparin and low molecular weight heparin, the latter Mainly by subcutaneous injection. Warfarin can prevent vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors from being activated. It is a dicoumarin-type intermediate anticoagulant. It is mainly used for patients after artificial heart valve replacement, high-risk atrial fibrillation and thromboembolism patients. Bleeding and other adverse reactions require close monitoring of coagulation function during medication. New oral anticoagulants are relatively safe and effective oral anticoagulants in recent years, including saban drugs and dabigatran etexilate;

2) Antiplatelet drugs: including aspirin, clopidogrel, abciximab, etc., can inhibit platelet aggregation, thereby inhibiting thrombus formation. In acute coronary syndrome, coronary artery balloon dilatation, and high-thrombotic conditions such as stent implantation, aspirin and clopidogrel are usually used in combination;

3)  Thrombolytic drugs: including streptokinase, urokinase and tissue plasminogen activator, etc., which can promote thrombolysis and improve symptoms of patients.

2. Surgical treatment:

Including surgical thrombectomy, catheter thrombolysis, ultrasonic ablation, and mechanical thrombus aspiration, it is necessary to strictly grasp the indications and contraindications of surgery. Clinically, it is generally believed that patients with secondary thrombus caused by old thrombus, coagulation dysfunction, and malignant tumors are not suitable for surgical treatment, and need to be treated according to the development of the patient's condition and under the guidance of a doctor.