Hemostasis nke ahụ mmadụ na-abụkarị akụkụ atọ mejupụtara:

1. Mgbaghara nke arịa ọbara n'onwe ya.

Mgbe anyị merụrụ ahụ, anyị na-emebi arịa ọbara dị n'okpuru akpụkpọ ahụ, nke nwere ike ime ka ọbara banye n'anụ ahụ anyị, na-eme ọnya ma ọ bụrụ na akpụkpọ ahụ adịghị, ma ọ bụ ọbara ọgbụgba ma ọ bụrụ na akpụkpọ ahụ gbajiri agbaji.N'oge a, ahụ ga-amalite usoro hemostatic.

Nke mbụ, arịa ọbara na-amachi, na-ebelata ọbara eruba

Nke abụọ, platelet na-amalite ịgbakọta.Mgbe arịa ọbara mebiri emebi, a na-ekpughe collagen.Collagen na-adọta platelet na mpaghara merụrụ ahụ, platelet ndị ahụ na-ejikọta ọnụ iji mepụta plọg.Ha na-eme ngwa ngwa ihe mgbochi nke na-egbochi anyị ịgbara ọbara nke ukwuu.

Fibrin na-aga n'ihu na-ejikọta ya, na-ekwe ka platelet jikọọ nke ọma.N'ikpeazụ, mkpirisi ọbara na-etolite, na-egbochi ọtụtụ ọbara ịpụ n'ahụ ma na-egbochikwa nje nje ịbata n'ime ahụ anyị site n'èzí.N'otu oge ahụ, a na-arụkwa ọrụ ụzọ coagulation n'ime ahụ.

Enwere ụdị ọwa abụọ nke mpụga na nke ime.

Ụzọ mpụ nke coagulation: Malitere site na ikpughe anụ ahụ mebiri emebi na kọntaktị ọbara nwere ihe III.Mgbe mmebi anụ ahụ na arịa ọbara na-agbawa, ihe na-ekpughe ihe III na-emepụta ihe mgbagwoju anya na Ca2 + na VII na plasma iji mee ka ihe X rụọ ọrụ.

Ụzọ coagulation dị n'ime: malitere site na ịgbalite ihe XII.Mgbe arịa ọbara mebiri emebi ma kpughee eriri eriri nke collagen subintimal, ọ nwere ike ịgbalite Ⅻ ka Ⅻa, wee rụọ ọrụ Ⅺ ka Ⅺa.Ⅺa na-arụ ọrụ Ⅸa n'ihu Ca2+, mgbe ahụ, Ⅸa na-emepụta mgbagwoju anya na-arụ ọrụ Ⅷa, PF3, na Ca2+ iji mee ka X ọzọ rụọ ọrụ X. Ihe ndị na-etinye aka na coagulation ọbara na usoro ahụ a kpọtụrụ aha n'elu bụ ihe niile dị na plasma ọbara na arịa ọbara. , ya mere a na-akpọ ha aha dị ka ụzọ mgbakwasa ọbara dị n'ime.

Ihe a nwere ọrụ dị mkpa na coagulation cascade n'ihi njikọ nke ụzọ abụọ ahụ na ọkwa nke X Factor X na ihe V na-arụ ọrụ na-adịghị arụ ọrụ nke Abụọ (prothrombin) na plasma na-arụ ọrụ IIa, (thrombin).Ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke thrombin ndị a na-eduga n'ịkwalite platelet ọzọ na nhazi nke eriri.N'okpuru ọrụ nke thrombin, fibrinogen gbazere na plasma na-agbanwe ghọọ fibrin monomers;N'otu oge ahụ, thrombin na-arụ ọrụ XIII ruo XIIIa, na-eme ka fibrin monomers ahụ fibrin na-ejikọta ibe ya na-emepụta polymers fibrin na-adịghị edozi mmiri, na-ejikọta ibe ha n'ime netwọk iji mechie mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara, na-emepụta mkpụkọ ọbara, ma mezue coagulation ọbara. usoro.thrombus a na-emecha mepụta skaab nke na-echebe ọnya ahụ ka ọ na-ebili ma na-etolite akpụkpọ anụ ọhụrụ n'okpuru Platelets na fibrin na-arụ ọrụ nanị mgbe arịa ọbara gbawara agbawa ma kpughee, nke pụtara na n'ime arịa ọbara nkịtị, ha anaghị eduga na mberede. mkpụkọ.

Mana ọ na-egosikwa na ọ bụrụ na arịa ọbara gị gbawa n'ihi ndobere ihe nrịbama, ọ ga-eme ka ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke platelet gbakọta, ma mechaa mepụta ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke thrombus iji gbochie arịa ọbara.Nke a bụkwa usoro pathophysiological nke ọrịa obi obi, infarction myocardial, na ọrịa strok.