Thrombosis thiab hemostasis yog ib qho tseem ceeb physiological lub luag haujlwm ntawm tib neeg lub cev, nrog rau cov hlab ntsha, platelets, coagulation yam, anticoagulant proteins, thiab fibrinolytic systems.Lawv yog cov txheej txheem ntawm cov txheej txheem sib npaug uas ua kom cov ntshav ntws hauv tib neeg lub cev.Nruam kev khiav dej num, tsis tas li tawm ntawm cov hlab ntsha (hemorrhage) los yog coagulation nyob rau hauv cov hlab ntsha (thrombosis).

Cov txheej txheem ntawm thrombosis thiab hemostasis feem ntau muab faib ua peb theem:

Initial hemostasis feem ntau koom nrog hauv cov hlab ntsha, cov hlwb endothelial, thiab platelets.Tom qab cov hlab ntsha raug mob, platelets sai sai sib sau ua ke kom tsis txhob los ntshav.

Secondary hemostasis, tseem hu ua plasma hemostasis, activates lub coagulation system los hloov fibrinogen rau hauv insoluble cross-linked fibrin, uas tsim cov hlab ntsha loj.

Fibrinolysis, uas rhuav tshem cov fibrin clot thiab ua kom cov ntshav ntws zoo.

Txhua kauj ruam yog tswj hwm kom muaj kev sib npaug.Qhov tsis xws luag hauv ib qho kev sib txuas yuav ua rau muaj cov kab mob sib xws.

Cov kab mob los ntshav yog ib lo lus dav dav rau cov kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm cov txheej txheem hemostasis txawv txav.Cov kab mob los ntshav tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob pawg: keeb kwm thiab tau txais, thiab kev kho mob tshwm sim feem ntau los ntshav hauv ntau qhov chaw.Congenital los ntshav tsis txaus, ntau hemophilia A (tsis muaj coagulation factor VIII), hemophilia B (tsis muaj coagulation factor IX) thiab coagulation abnormalities tshwm sim los ntawm fibrinogen deficiency;Tau txais los ntshav tsis txaus, feem ntau Muaj vitamin K-dependent coagulation factor deficiency, txawv txav coagulation yam tshwm sim los ntawm kab mob siab, thiab lwm yam.

Cov kab mob thromboembolic feem ntau muab faib ua arterial thrombosis thiab venous thromboembolism (venousthromboembolism, VTE).Arterial thrombosis feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov hlab ntsha, cov hlab ntsha hauv hlwb, cov hlab ntsha mesenteric, thiab cov hlab ntsha ntawm limb, thiab lwm yam. Qhov tshwm sim feem ntau tshwm sim sai sai, thiab qhov mob hnyav hauv zos yuav tshwm sim, xws li angina pectoris, mob plab, mob hnyav hauv cov ceg, thiab lwm yam. ;Nws yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ischemia thiab hypoxia nyob rau hauv cov ntshav cov khoom uas txawv txav ntawm lub cev, cov ntaub so ntswg qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm, xws li myocardial infarction, plawv tsis ua hauj lwm, cardiogenic poob siab, arrhythmia, cuam tshuam tsis nco qab thiab hemiplegia, thiab lwm yam.thrombus shedding ua rau cerebral embolism, raum embolism, splenic embolism thiab lwm yam tsos mob thiab cov tsos mob.Venous thrombosis yog hom kab mob sib sib zog nqus thrombosis nyob rau hauv qis extremities.Nws tshwm sim hauv cov leeg sib sib zog nqus xws li cov hlab ntsha popliteal, femoral leeg, mesenteric vein, thiab portal leeg.Lub intuitive manifestations yog lub zos o thiab inconsistent thickness ntawm lub qis extremities.Thromboembolism yog hais txog kev tshem tawm ntawm thrombus los ntawm qhov chaw tsim, ib feem lossis tag nrho thaiv qee cov hlab ntsha thaum lub sijhawm txav nrog cov ntshav khiav, ua rau ischemia, hypoxia, necrosis (arterial thrombosis) thiab congestion, edema (pathological txheej txheem ntawm venous thrombosis) .Tom qab cov hlab ntsha sib sib zog nqus thrombosis ntawm qhov qis kawg poob tawm, nws tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha pulmonary nrog cov ntshav ncig, thiab cov tsos mob thiab cov tsos mob ntawm pulmonary embolism tshwm.Yog li ntawd, kev tiv thaiv ntawm venous thromboembolism yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb.