1. Prothrombin lub sij hawm (PT):

PT yog hais txog lub sijhawm xav tau rau kev hloov pauv ntawm prothrombin rau hauv thrombin, ua rau cov ntshav coagulation, qhia txog kev ua haujlwm coagulation ntawm txoj kev coagulation extrinsic.PT feem ntau yog txiav txim siab los ntawm cov theem ntawm coagulation yam I, II, V, VII, thiab X synthesized los ntawm lub siab.Qhov tseem ceeb coagulation yam nyob rau hauv extrinsic coagulation txoj kev yog yam VII, uas tsim FVIIa-TF complex nrog cov ntaub so ntswg factor (TF)., uas pib cov txheej txheem extrinsic coagulation.PT ntawm cov poj niam cev xeeb tub ib txwm luv dua li cov poj niam tsis cev xeeb tub.Thaum cov xwm txheej X, V, II lossis kuv txo qis, PT tuaj yeem ua kom ntev.PT tsis nkag siab rau qhov tsis muaj ib qho kev coagulation.PT yog qhov ntev heev thaum qhov concentration ntawm prothrombin poob qis dua 20% ntawm cov theem ib txwm muaj thiab cov yam ntxwv V, VII, thiab X poob qis dua 35% ntawm qib ib txwm muaj.PT tau ntev heev uas tsis ua rau cov ntshav txawv txav.Shortened prothrombin lub sij hawm thaum cev xeeb tub yog pom nyob rau hauv cov kab mob thromboembolic thiab hypercoagulable xeev.Yog tias PT yog 3 s ntev dua li kev tswj hwm ib txwm, qhov kev kuaj mob ntawm DIC yuav tsum raug txiav txim siab.

2. Thrombin lub sij hawm:

Lub sijhawm thrombin yog lub sijhawm rau kev hloov pauv ntawm fibrinogen rau fibrin, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov zoo thiab muaj nuj nqis ntawm fibrinogen hauv cov ntshav.Lub sij hawm thrombin luv luv hauv cov poj niam cev xeeb tub ib txwm piv nrog cov poj niam tsis cev xeeb tub.Tsis muaj kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb hauv lub sijhawm thrombin thaum cev xeeb tub.Lub sijhawm thrombin kuj yog qhov ntsuas tsis zoo rau cov khoom lag luam fibrin degradation thiab hloov pauv hauv fibrinolytic system.Txawm hais tias lub sijhawm thrombin luv luv thaum cev xeeb tub, qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm lub sijhawm cev xeeb tub sib txawv tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb, uas tseem qhia tau tias kev ua kom lub cev fibrinolytic hauv lub cev xeeb tub zoo dua., kom sib npaug thiab txhim kho coagulation muaj nuj nqi.Wang Li et al[6] tau ua qhov kev tshawb fawb sib piv ntawm cov poj niam cev xeeb tub thiab cov poj niam tsis cev xeeb tub.Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm thrombin lub sij hawm ntsuas ntawm cov poj niam cev xeeb tub lig tau luv luv dua li cov pab pawg tswj hwm thiab cov pab pawg cev xeeb tub thaum ntxov thiab nruab nrab, qhia tias lub sijhawm thrombin lub sijhawm ntsuas hauv pawg cev xeeb tub lig siab dua li ntawm PT thiab qhib ib nrab thromboplastin.Lub sij hawm (activated partial thromboplastin time, APTT) rhiab dua.

3. APTT:

Lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ib nrab ntawm thromboplastin feem ntau yog siv los txheeb xyuas cov kev hloov pauv hauv coagulation muaj nuj nqi ntawm txoj hauv kev coagulation.Nyob rau hauv physiological tej yam kev mob, lub ntsiab coagulation yam koom nyob rau hauv lub intrinsic coagulation txoj kev yog XI, XII, VIII thiab VI, uas coagulation factor XII yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm txoj kev no.XI thiab XII, prokallikrein thiab siab molecular hnyav excitogen koom nrog hauv kev sib cuag ntawm coagulation.Tom qab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub sijhawm sib cuag, XI thiab XII tau qhib ua tiav, yog li pib txoj hauv kev endogenous coagulation.Cov ntaub ntawv qhia tau hais tias piv nrog cov poj niam uas tsis yog cev xeeb tub, lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ib nrab ntawm thromboplastin hauv lub cev xeeb tub yog luv luv thoob plaws lub cev xeeb tub, thiab lub thib ob thiab thib peb peb lub hlis twg yog luv dua li cov nyob rau theem pib.Txawm hais tias nyob rau hauv ib txwm cev xeeb tub, coagulation yam XII, VIII, X, thiab XI nce sib txuam nrog kev nce lub lis piam gestational thaum lub sij hawm cev xeeb tub, vim coagulation factor XI yuav tsis hloov nyob rau hauv lub thib ob thiab thib peb trimesters ntawm cev xeeb tub, tag nrho endogenous coagulation muaj nuj nqi nyob rau hauv nruab nrab. thiab thaum cev xeeb tub lig, cov kev hloov pauv tsis pom tseeb.

4. Fibrinogen (Fg):

Raws li glycoprotein, nws tsim peptide A thiab peptide B nyob rau hauv thrombin hydrolysis, thiab thaum kawg tsim cov fibrin insoluble kom tsis txhob los ntshav.Fg ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm platelet aggregation.Thaum platelets tau qhib, fibrinogen receptor GP Ib / IIIa yog tsim rau ntawm daim nyias nyias, thiab platelet aggregates yog tsim los ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm Fg, thiab thaum kawg thrombus tsim.Tsis tas li ntawd, raws li tus mob hnyav reactive protein, qhov nce hauv plasma concentration ntawm Fg qhia tau hais tias muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv cov hlab ntsha, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau cov ntshav rheology thiab yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm plasma viscosity.Nws ncaj qha koom nrog hauv coagulation thiab txhim kho platelet aggregation.Thaum preeclampsia tshwm sim, Fg qib nce ntau, thiab thaum lub cev ua haujlwm coagulation decompensated, Fg qib nws thiaj li poob.Ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb rov qab tau pom tias qib Fg thaum lub sij hawm nkag mus rau hauv chav tsev me nyuam yog qhov taw qhia tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau kev kwv yees qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov ntshav tom qab yug me nyuam.Tus nqi kwv yees zoo yog 100% [7].Hauv peb lub hlis thib peb, plasma Fg feem ntau yog 3 txog 6 g / L.Thaum ua kom cov coagulation, siab dua plasma Fg tiv thaiv kev kho mob hypofibrinemia.Tsuas yog thaum plasma Fg> 1.5 g / L tuaj yeem ua kom lub cev coagulation muaj nuj nqi, thaum plasma Fg <1.5 g / L, thiab hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav Fg <1 g / L, yuav tsum tau them nyiaj rau qhov pheej hmoo ntawm DIC, thiab kev tshuaj xyuas zoo yuav tsum yog ua tau.Kev tsom mus rau kev hloov pauv bidirectional ntawm Fg, cov ntsiab lus ntawm Fg muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm thrombin thiab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm platelet aggregation.Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas siab Fg, yuav tsum tau them nyiaj mloog mus rau qhov kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm hypercoagulability-txog ntsuas thiab autoimmune antibodies [8].Gao Xiaoli thiab Niu Xiumin [9] piv cov plasma Fg cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov poj niam cev xeeb tub uas muaj ntshav qab zib mellitus thiab cov poj niam cev xeeb tub ib txwm muaj, thiab pom tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm Fg tau zoo cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm thrombin.Nws muaj ib tug nyiam thrombosis.