1. Manawa Prothrombin (PT)

Hōʻike nui ia i ke ʻano o ka ʻōnaehana coagulation exogenous, kahi i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ai ka INR e nānā i nā anticoagulants waha.He hōʻailona koʻikoʻi ʻo PT no ka ʻike ʻana i ke kūlana prethrombotic, DIC a me ka maʻi ate.Hoʻohana ʻia ia ma ke ʻano he hoʻāʻo screening no ka ʻōnaehana coagulation exogenous a he mea koʻikoʻi nō hoʻi ia o ka mālama ʻana i ka lāʻau anticoagulation oral waha.

ʻO ka PTA<40% e hōʻike ana i ka necrosis nui o nā pūnaʻi ate a me ka emi ʻana o ka synthesis o nā kumu coagulation.No ka laʻana, 30%

ʻIke ʻia ka lōʻihi ma:

a.ʻO ka pōʻino nui a me ka nui o ka ate ma muli o ka hana ʻana o ka prothrombin a me nā kumu clotting pili.

b.ʻAʻole lawa ka VitK, pono ʻo VitK e synthesize i nā mea II, VII, IX, a me X. Ke lawa ʻole ʻo VitK, emi ka hana a hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ka manawa prothrombin.ʻIke ʻia ma ka jaundice obstructive.

C. DIC (diffuse intravascular coagulation), e hoʻopau i ka nui o nā kumu coagulation ma muli o ka thrombosis microvascular nui.

d.ʻO ka neonatal hemorrhage kuʻuna, congenital prothrombin nele o ka anticoagulant therapy.

Pōkole i ʻike ʻia ma:

Aia ke koko i kahi kūlana hypercoagulable (e like me ka DIC mua, myocardial infarction), nā maʻi thrombotic (e like me ka cerebral thrombosis), etc.

 

2. Ka manawa thrombin (TT)

Hōʻike nui i ka manawa i lilo ai ka fibrinogen i fibrin.

ʻIke ʻia ka hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ma: hoʻonui i ka heparin a i ʻole heparinoid mea, hoʻonui i ka hana AT-III, ka nui a me ka maikaʻi o ka fibrinogen.ʻO ka pae DIC hyperfibrinolysis, haʻahaʻa (ʻaʻole) fibrinoenemia, hemoglobinemia abnormal, hoʻonui ʻia nā huahana degradation (FDPs) koko fibrin (proto).

ʻAʻohe manaʻo koʻikoʻi o ka hōʻemi.

 

3. Ho'ā 'ia hapa thromboplastin manawa (APTT)

Hōʻike nui ia i ke ʻano o ka ʻōnaehana coagulation endogenous a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e nānā i ke ʻano o ka heparin.Ke noʻonoʻo nei i nā pae o nā mea coagulation VIII, IX, XI, XII i ka plasma, he hōʻike hōʻike no ka ʻōnaehana coagulation endogenous.Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ʻo APTT e nānā i ka heparin anticoagulation therapy.

ʻIke ʻia ka lōʻihi ma:

a.Loaʻa i nā mea hoʻohui koko VIII, IX, XI, XII:

b.ʻO ke kumu coagulation II, V, X a me ka hoʻemi fibrinogen kakaikahi;

C. Aia nā mea anticoagulant e like me heparin;

d, hoʻonui ka fibrinogen degradation huahana;e, DIC.

Pōkole i ʻike ʻia ma:

Ke kūlana Hypercoagulable: Inā komo ka mea procoagulant i ke koko a piʻi ka hana o nā mea coagulation, etc.:

 

4.Fibrinogen plasma (FIB)

Hōʻike nui i ka ʻike o ka fibrinogen.ʻO ka plasma fibrinogen ka protein coagulation me ka ʻike kiʻekiʻe loa o nā mea coagulation a pau, a he mea pane pane o ka manawa.

Hoʻonui ʻia i ʻike ʻia ma: ke kuni, ka maʻi maʻi, ka maʻi maʻi, ka maʻi maʻi maʻi, ka maʻi maʻi maʻi, subacute bacterial endocarditis, hapai, pneumonia, cholecystitis, pericarditis, sepsis, nephrotic syndrome, uremia, acute myocardial infarction.

ʻIke ʻia ka emi ʻana i loko o: Congenital fibrinogen abnormality, DIC wasting hypocoagulation phase, first fibrinolysis, severe hepatitis, ate cirrhosis.

 

5.D-Dimer (D-Dimer)

Hōʻike nui ia i ka hana o ka fibrinolysis a he hōʻailona ia e hoʻoholo ai i ka hele ʻana a i ʻole ka nele o ka thrombosis a me ka fibrinolysis lua i ke kino.

ʻO D-dimer kahi huahana hoʻohaʻahaʻa kikoʻī o ka fibrin cross-linked, e piʻi aʻe i ka plasma wale nō ma hope o ka thrombosis, no laila he hōʻailona molekala koʻikoʻi no ka ʻike ʻana i ka thrombosis.

Ua hoʻonui nui ʻia ka D-dimer i ka hyperactivity fibrinolysis lua, akā ʻaʻole i hoʻonui ʻia i ka hyperactivity fibrinolysis mua, kahi hōʻailona koʻikoʻi no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā mea ʻelua.

ʻIke ʻia ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā maʻi e like me ka thrombosis vein hohonu, pulmonary embolism, a me DIC secondary hyperfibrinolysis.