Hemostasis Physiological yana daya daga cikin mahimman hanyoyin kariya na jiki.Lokacin da jigon jini ya lalace, a gefe guda, ana buƙatar samar da toshe hemostatic da sauri don guje wa asarar jini;a gefe guda, wajibi ne don iyakance amsawar hemostatic zuwa ɓangaren lalacewa da kuma kula da yanayin ruwa na jini a cikin tsarin jini na jini.Sabili da haka, hemostasis na ilimin lissafin jiki shine sakamakon nau'o'in dalilai da hanyoyin da ke hulɗa don kiyaye daidaitattun daidaito.A asibiti, ana amfani da ƙananan allura don huda kunnen kunne ko yatsa don ba da damar jini ya fita ta dabi'a, sannan a auna tsawon lokacin zubar jini.Ana kiran wannan lokaci lokacin zubar jini (lokacin zubar jini), kuma mutane na yau da kullun ba sa wuce mintuna 9 (hanyar samfuri).Tsawon lokacin zubar jini na iya nuna yanayin aikin hemostatic physiological.Lokacin da aikin hemostatic physiological ya raunana, zubar da jini yakan faru, kuma cututtuka suna faruwa;yayin da overactivation na aikin hemostatic physiological zai iya haifar da thrombosis na pathological.

Basic tsari na physiological hemostasis
Tsarin hemostasis na ilimin lissafi ya ƙunshi matakai uku: vasoconstriction, samuwar platelet thrombus da coagulation na jini.

1 Vasoconstriction Hemostasis Physiological hemostasis yana farawa da farko a matsayin raguwar magudanar jini da kuma ƙananan jini na kusa, wanda ke rage yawan jini na gida kuma yana da amfani don ragewa ko hana zubar jini.Abubuwan da ke haifar da vasoconstriction sun haɗa da abubuwa uku masu zuwa: ① Rauni mai motsa jiki yana haifar da vasoconstriction;② Lalacewa ga bangon jijiyoyin jini yana haifar da ƙayyadaddun ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta gida;③ Platelets da ke manne da rauni suna sakin 5-HT, TXA₂, da sauransu don takura hanyoyin jini.abubuwan da ke haifar da vasoconstriction.

2 Samar da thrombus na jini-hikima na platelet Bayan raunin jijiya na jini, saboda fallasa na subendothelial collagen, ƙaramin adadin platelets suna manne da ƙwayar subendothelial a cikin 1-2 seconds, wanda shine matakin farko na samuwar thrombus na hemostatic.Ta hanyar mannewar platelets, za'a iya "gano wurin da aka ji rauni", ta yadda za'a iya saita filogin hemostatic daidai.Platelets da aka ɗora suna ƙara kunna hanyoyin siginar platelet don kunna platelet da sakin ADP da TXA₂ na endogenous, wanda hakanan yana kunna sauran platelet a cikin jini, suna ɗaukar ƙarin platelet don manne da juna kuma suna haifar da haɗuwa maras canzawa;Kwayoyin jajayen jinin gida da suka lalace suna sakin ADP da na gida Thrombobin da aka samar yayin aikin coagulation na iya sa platelet ɗin da ke gudana kusa da rauni su ci gaba da mannewa kuma su taru akan platelet ɗin da aka manne kuma an daidaita su zuwa rukunin subendothelial collagen, kuma a ƙarshe su samar da farantin hemostatic. toshe raunin kuma a sami hemostasis na farko, wanda kuma aka sani da farkon hemostasis (irsthemostasis).Hemostasis na farko ya dogara ne akan vasoconstriction da samuwar filogin hemostatic platelet.Bugu da ƙari, raguwar PGI₂ da NO samarwa a cikin lalacewar endothelium na jijiyoyin jini yana da amfani ga tarawar platelet.

3 Jini da aka lalatar da magudanar jini kuma na iya kunna tsarin daidaitawar jini, sannan jini na gida yana faruwa da sauri, ta yadda fibrinogen mai narkewa da ke cikin plasma ya juye ya zama fibrin da ba ya narkewa, kuma a haɗa shi zuwa hanyar sadarwa don ƙarfafa ƙwayar hemostatic, wanda ake kira secondary. hemostasis (na biyu hemostasis) hemostasis) (Hoto 3-6).A ƙarshe, ƙwayar fibrous na gida yana yaduwa kuma yana girma zuwa gudan jini don samun hemostasis na dindindin.

Hemostasis na Physiological ya kasu kashi uku: vasoconstriction, samuwar platelet thrombus, da coagulation na jini, amma waɗannan matakai guda uku suna faruwa a jere kuma suna mamaye juna, kuma suna da alaƙa da juna.Platelet adhesion yana da sauƙin cimma kawai lokacin da jini ya ragu ta hanyar vasoconstriction;S-HT da TXA2 da aka saki bayan kunna platelet na iya haɓaka vasoconstriction.Aiki na platelets suna ba da saman phospholipid don kunna abubuwan coagulation yayin coagulation na jini.Akwai abubuwa da yawa na coagulation da ke daure a saman platelet, kuma platelets kuma na iya sakin abubuwan coagulation kamar fibrinogen, ta haka yana hanzarta aiwatar da coagulation.thrombin da aka samar a lokacin coagulation jini na iya ƙarfafa kunna platelet.Bugu da kari, ƙullawar platelets a cikin gudan jini na iya haifar da gudanwar jini ya ja da baya ya matse ruwan jinin da ke cikinsa, wanda hakan zai sa jinin ya yi ƙarfi da ƙarfi tare da rufe buɗaɗɗen magudanar jini.Don haka, matakai guda uku na hemostasis na physiological suna haɓaka junansu, ta yadda za a iya aiwatar da hemostasis na jiki a cikin lokaci da sauri.Saboda platelets suna da alaƙa da haɗin kai guda uku a cikin tsarin hemostasis na physiological, platelets suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tsarin hemostasis na physiological.Ana tsawaita lokacin zubar da jini lokacin da aka rage yawan platelet ko aiki ya ragu.